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About Willamette farmer. (Salem, Or.) 1869-1887 | View Entire Issue (Feb. 10, 1882)
I "J I Ifgg lusurd every Week bj the WIIXAMKTTr. FAKNF.R PIIU.ISIIIMS 0. TEIIMS OF SUIISCIUITIO.X. ,mycxr.(roupaid) InnUvnn J 2-M III months, (l'ottase vsclil), In dwot .. . l. Um than six month will lus, ptr month is AI) ElcSISINO KATES: A4tsrUeniiU srill be Inwrtnl, provMIng tn rc encUblo, t tho fo1lowln;r table ol rates : Oa Inch of space, put month HS ThJW Inches ot flaec ytr month .' One-ha.lt column per month l.w 0 col'imn per month ... Mm jaj-Himnlf coput Min ircu on ..mi.uii. Publication Ofllce: Xo. 5 uhlagton Street, tain, rooms Xo. 5 ml M Vv The Lakcviow Entminrr closed iu 2d vol ume on Jmi. 2S, 1SS2. It is an ablo exponent of Lake county and its resources, ami c use Jt freely as an exchange. We w uh continuc.1 .success may attend there. A subscriber wrote us tho other ila., asking to liavo lus pspcr changed to Wells post office instead of Albany. The gentleman for got to sign his name, and we will change lus paper when ho sends us the proper address. The Salem Statesman nctd not take tho troublo to invent anonymous correspondence to have a text to base an editorial slauder of tho Fahmeh in future : it will be more manly to make the attack openly, and more manly etill to designate what in the course of this paper justifies the charge thrt it has sold out to monopolies. We challcnce it to quote' a word that justifies such an accusation. I he worst w e hav c done in that line has been to republish al1 the editorials of the Statfman on Anti-Monopoly. TnE Daily Stamlanl discuses the ability of the Southern Pacific railroad to carrx w heat 2100 miles from an Francisco to New Or leans, for $12 per ton, and sax that would be only "four cents a bushel." Keally, that is 3(5 cents a bushel, and ought to be sufficient pay for its tratispoitatton. It seems to us the question ought to be: Can they carry wheat for ten dollars a ton? That vv ould be o0 cents a bushel, and is all it ought to cott it wheat growing is to bo encouraged by it and the railroad proposes to be lto encouragement. Fonsomc reason that wc cannot understand the tools of the Central Pacific railroad, w ho are fighting Villard under the borrowed mot to of "Anti- Monopoly," have made a special effort to injure tile Wlumette Fakmlr. So we devote enough space to thoroughly tltmol Jsh tllc'ir pretension in this isne. - It seemil necessary to protect our fanners from imposi tion, and having done tins w e drop this sub ject. All who wish to discuss monopoly m a fair way, or to have reports made of Anti Monopoly League meeting, are luformel that wc have room lor that purpose. JnGE BolsE, who ha Leen on the bench to many jears, is also master of the Oregon State Orange, and well known as an ant: monopolist.of v hlch he is our most able advo cate. We suggest to our anti-monopoly friends that he is a much safer leader and adviser than S. O. Elliott; he certainly will not be suspected of acting from mercenary or vicious motives, or of bcin in the pay of stock job berg. Judge Boise informs us that he sees nothing objectionable iUkA-riTStef- W& Faujj&p... 'o intend to deserve aud 'have the support of all reasonable men, and our col nmns are open to the expression of all honest iliirerenees. We are far from claiming to be infallible, but we aim to be right, and are not afrairt to advocate what we believe to be right in preference to w hat happens to be popular. If we are right time will show it, and if we Tun after things that seem to be popular, time will certainly show that we have merely been time serveis. The world respects those who have the courage of their convictions. THE GRANGE AS AN EDUCATOE. We look to the Grange, if it could beadopt ed as a familiar school by the fanners of the whole United tatis, as a valuable means of education. The farmer needs to posses a wide range of information, ino-t of which can be gathered from popular journals, but to meet together and discuss what they know by experiment and what they read in print, w ill make their experience more valuable to them. They are apt to be decei ed. too, by travelling frauds, and if they meet and talk over matters together such deception will not be possible. Wc need to educate the people of the country to know better than to defeat tho object of a good mo unuit by useless and incendiary statements, ami falsehood, If the farmcis, through the Grange, are educated to .know their rights, and organized to maintain them, the icsult would not bo brought about Jjy violent denunciation, but by quiet but srise a tion. It is not the intention of the order to take part in politics, but we differ with most and hold that the grange should be used to disseminate information and then the people should act on that information for .their good. So far as we understand the or der, it holds too much aloof from public af fairs. It seems to us it would not be amiss for its members to act in harmony to educato tho masses of their own class to understand what is right, ami then insist that political parties should do, what is right. Go For It, Farmers. Through tho couttesy of that enterprising journal, The Suyttv Jlttt,v,e learn that the Stand aid Sugar Hcfincry of California has in augurated a series of pnzes for the purpose of encouraging tho cultivation of the sugar lx-'ct in this country. Tho prizes, which are open to fanners everywhere in the United States, aro as follows : For tho best 100 acres of beets, $200; for tho best 7.r ncros of beets, 8100; forthu best GO acres of beets, 100; for the bsst 23 acies of beets, ?50; for the best 10 acres of beets, S20; for the best 0 acies of baets, $10; total, S5U0. The Standard Com pany will in addition give etch winner of a prizo oiio year's subscription to tho ftiiyur ttl. FARMERS IMPOSED UPON SKETCHES OF RAILROAD HISTORY. Wc published, last week, a set of resolu tions passed by tho Oakville Anti-Monopoly League, in Linn County, which boar plain evidct'co that they wero framed by S. U. Kl liott. After careful reading of tljcm we feol regret that tho good people of t"at vicinity were betrayed by an unreliable af I iircspons iblesourco into giving their hon-st but inju dicious endorsement of sentiments that in mot respects ale utterlv false. For tho pur pose of criticism wc republish tho Mine from our last issun, and im .te our .readers to re read them and sen if .they can honestly disa gree with ourasertifc'i that they aro falie, libelous, impertinent, and unworthy of those who are credited with their adoption. S. O. Klliott is in individual for whom personally wo have no ill feeling, hut rather the contrary, iml who would hive no uiikiml mention from us under any circumstances, but when he appVrs in tho character of an cmif sarv, charge w it Ii a mission, and that mission to commit t! e farmers of Oregon to the decla ration of fo dish and incendiaiy saying, and make then, responsible for absurd and scanda lous fslseh ods, then it is time somebody should come to their rcliet and expose the swindle jH-pclrated on them, by contradicting KUiott't ohsurl lies and irresponsible asser tions, that are no doubt made in the interest of the Central Pacific, or other parties w ho are interested in defeating the building of railroads in Oregon. If Anti-Monopoly is a go d cause it "eeds truthful advocates, and can .'illy be damped if put in the hands of irresp uibleileiu:igogues and visionary crank;.. The Fakmek was the first piper in Oregon t advocate Anti-Mo nopoly, and to-day we go ivt length into this bu-iiHst for the sike of truth and to keep this Col." Klliott (who never was a Colonel and whose cluni to be so is part of tho traud lie practices) from imposing further upon this farmers of this Val'uy. They aro h nestly encased in organizing Anti-Monopoly league", as part of i great national movement. Such oreaniz-itions aro no doubt expedient, but to make them effective .-nd respected tlioj mint not be started out with I's or "lander. Without specifying w tut stocks and bonds are meant, th1 first ot thee resolutions nc- fuses Mr. Villard with trvmg to tell stocks and bonds aggregating f l.i.'.wu vw, issued on property not worth one-tenth of that sum. Tho dishone-ty of this ass rtion is sIioaii by the allure to specify what corporition is meant, but if it mearg any one, or all, of the Oregon corporations that Mr. Villard is inter ested in, it is simpl a lie, as any one must know who has read the published reports of the standing of all these corporations, which give the amount of stacks and bonds is-ued by them. If b. G. Klliott will specify bis statemmts wo will specificilly prove Irs statements to be false. The attempt to disparage Villard's standing, in the same resolution, is the weak egotism of a disappointed man whose sole object in life seems to bi to revile and accuse thceo who have succeeded w here he failed. It was premeditcd fraud on tho part of K. liott to iniko false statements ml ltduce In nest farmers to adopt them in the hape of resolutions, aod j t oj icv;V1C0 to these fWu",ers""to show the fraud and expose the authorship. .The Oakville league evidently took r is word for truth wheli they endorsed it. This same resolution charactcnes Villard as an "adventurer and '"grand swindler," and advises the people to "make an example" of him by "having the criminal laws of this State enforced against him." If the criminal laws of our State were enforced agauiht the people who adopted this libl they mightlcarn more about law thau Klliott told them, for our Statute makes such publication libel, un less true, and the worst enemy of Villard will not care to call him a "swindler." Villanl will read such stuff with contempt; railroad int-rests will not sufler from Mich balderdadi; but it vvi.l not be to the credit of our Mate if such scurrilous words are hereafter adopted by men in council. The time has come when the nation is riuscd to the danger of encroachment by great corporatio is. Anti-Monopoly is bo come a principle that calls fur organized sup port. To sustain t lus or any good cauc, however, no lying slander ii needed, for lies and slanders always react to injury of those wno ubo tlicm. Farmers' clubs tiat allow demagogues to mislead them, injur.) theirown standing a. . influence and weaken thuirgood cause. T world knows that Mr. Villard's charactu -tamta high for moral qualities. He m a ma: jf probity, and his renown as a rail road financier and man of business is world wide. Kven if they criticise his methods these resolutions have no right to abuse him P'rsonally, and this attack is t-itrply slander. In behalf of the farmers of Oregon wo inter-ff-re to prevent them from being imposed upon further by a man whose history and character cannot compare m any resptct that inspires confidence with that of the man he wants the farmers of Oregon to blackguard to please his rancid nature. The second lcsolution favors honcstbuildiiig of railroads, and guarantees that all roads honestly built shall earn "a fair return on the money actually expended." With this assur ance from the farmers of that neighborhood capital will now probably pour into tho Pa cific Korthw est aud cross-cut the wholoregion with tailroads! If our friends at Oakville have occasion for another spokesman, they should find tsoino man who can weigh the ineaningof wouls as ho strings thtm togother, and they might improve a little on KUiott's grammar, if not on his logic. Ciiminal law is invoked in these resolutions to wreak its penalties on all scheming oilend tis! Let us sec how its pains and penalties might aflect one S. G, Klliott, if his sclicmcs had miccccdcd, and ho had brcome the rail, load migiiato of tho North Pacifh, as he at tempted iu ISO" I Tho writer of this was Secretary of tho Company organized to construct tho Oregon and California Railroad, fifteen era ago. and filled that position several years, during which time ho was familiar with Kltiolt'a schemes. Such men as K. N. Cooke, J, II, Moorcs, I, K, Moores and Gov. Woods, com posed the Company, and acted solely for tho purpose of facilitating the construction of the road. Klliott protended to have mrausl'and to be woll backed up; ho suggostod the wiolo scheme of organization, which included sev eral millions of preferred stock, and many more of common stock. Ho claimed to repro sent what was afterward found to bo a liogus construction firm (A. J.- Cook A Co,) no doubt intended to parody the then influential firm name of Jay Cooko & Co., who controlled the Northern Pacific rovl. Klliott retained con trol of the wholo body of preferred stock, ex. oopt a small block civ on oach director. He tried to perform all the liinnci d legerdemain known iu railroad rim's, by which construc tion contracts were to com millions. The Oregon Compwiy simply did what they could to get a railroad construct eel, not caring who made a profit or did tho work, so long as the work was done; indeed, wo did not know what his plans were, fir ho misrepresented then, and left us all iu lgnoruicr, simplj keeping the wholo control within his own reach. It was proved, afterwards, that ho had no backing, and wo all considered that lie de ceived us. None of Ins statements wero veri fied,; all his promises vveio broken, and his plans fell tl. rough. The members of that Company, connstiug of some of the best men in Oregon. Mt themselves swindled by this man, but had too much .-olf respect to lay ttioir grievances before the public. When lien Holladaj can.e they turned Klliott and all his bogus coutiacts over to.tliat worthy, and retired from building railroads out of air and w itei, as gracefully as they could. Klhott's assertion that the vv liter and o'hir directors weie to have a l.ngo ahiru in tlie preferred stock, is (.Ut: tins stock was left for him to use iu getting the roid built. The director considered themselves as iiiciuageuts to facilitate the building ol tho railroad, and actei in a very disinterested m inner, "hoy put confidence m Klliott and were deceived, exactly as the Oregon tanners are being de ceived by Ins misrepresentations now. After his first failure Klliott was a ii.cmbcr of the firm if li n llolladnj & Co'i and as .Superintendent ot Construction drev,- a salaty of ;"i00 a month, set up a carna,'-, owned a llunkoy, and put on stjle greater than Poit land wis used to at that day. linn llolladaj & Co. -played tho regular game to build the road at a high figure. They told bonds at au p e to gtt ho.d o! the money of Gorman U. oiholders, aud bonds were- lssuxl for tluee t ..ics the actual cost ol building the road. 1 ,uds sold did not ie.ili.u SO cents on the dollar K liott was never known to object to anjthin,' so long as he shared 111 the spoil, and there is no reason to snpMiso ho ever would have protested, or refused to sharo the millions of which the Germans wore robbed, only that Holladay got tired of Ins manage ment ami "filed h.m out" of the concern. Kverj thing above stated can be taily sub. stantiated by t'.ie ov ideuco ol ihoe w ho were then directors, and by tli recoids of the cor-, porition. With uo ill will to Kl iptt,-and with regret that personal allusions aru ueccs cary, only actuated by a desire to pjotout tho Jjrmers of Oregon from indiscreet ai.d im proper action based on false statement', we have shown Kiln tt to have oeen guilty of all the chicanery and fraud ho now condemns. He came here with a bogus power of attorney; foisted a bogus lirm on an honest boinl of directors; created millions of stock without a dollar of capital actually paid in ; Im firm told bonds fur three or four times what the toad to It isburg actuallv cost, ami in tho palmy days w lien Holladay smiled on linn, he was a railroad magnate with pretension and display. Such being the fact, wc exam ine his acts as an auti-iuouopolist to find him as guilty of misrepresentation now, js hu was in li07 and ISOS, when he impeded himself and his scheme on the people ol Oregon. Jf any brrach of ciiiimi.il Itw is to bo avenged, perhaps it will bo as well to b gin at the be ginning of our railroad history and put the first ollciidei on tnal first. Another of these Klliott resolutions con demns the City of Poitlaud tor laisuig jJ.'iGOO aud sen ung us Mayor, U. P. Thompson, on to Washington to awst tho On goii dcl cation in seeming needed appiopnatious. No doubt Portland and its Major will nor!, more espc- ci illy for toe appropriations that will most bunt-lit Portland, but tho whole scheme was openly canvassed, and money opcnl) contjih. uteil aud will be honorably expended. No man can accuse the Willamette Pa hm m of being t-uluerv lent to Portland. Wt welcome the prospect of opening V.iquina to our Vulk-y produceis as a h ppiug point ; wo favor com petition from the Sound and fiom Astona ; in truth wo have disappoi .ted worn- carj luitouls who thought a mat. couldn't live here without being owned lure, but wo contend that this town has a ri'ht to defen I its interests f jirly at Washington, and do not believe that with all Ins fearful and Wonderful smartness "Dave Thompson" can corrupt Congress aud make the Columbia river run tin stream except at flood tide occasionally with only three thou, sand dollars. When we consider that S. (J Miott owns nothing but a few law suits, more ei less, and that ho brought nothing to Oicgon, jrigiiully, but (i liO'jua jiua-er of iiltorxfi , that ho pays no txes and has no business it may not bo impel tinent to inquire how ho comes to bo so much interested in our allairs, and to ask IIViO uijMm Hit muiiey to pay hi cs petite, while he betrays honest minded men to pet. pctrati' n of fulsehood nutl criminal piomul. gation of felamlcr? Wo behove that ho is employed fortius puiposo by stock-jobbers who uic tiyiiKj to defeat tho building of rail, roads in Oregon I Thoie who ehooso to penetrate the reason w hy wo opnoso tticso transparent Irauds, need go no fuither than to recogni.o that this jour, nal represents tho farmers of Oregon, and will ,,.., crxwaa KTrrrmcmrnTST not tee them led off by fanatics and paid agents of tho New York stock jobbers and that worst monopoly on cuth, the Central Pacific tailroad. Neither do wo propose to nee tho good causi, anti-monopoly, botiayod by tho recklessness of ndventuters who have not a dollar at stako iu tho country. If tho building of lailrovls is a ciiminal net, and if tho pretense our people have always undo that they beluivo dueot Cotntuui icatiou with tho w'otld is a delusion, then Villaid is doing the count rj incalculable barm, and tt is a great imrcy thnt Klliotb'a inily schemes prved failures; but if wo want railroads, and welcome the progress they insuio, then Vil lard u a bettor npostlo of pioguss thun Kl liott Wo wero destltuto of facilities and nt the mercy of tho most icnioisiless monopoly conceivable, when Villard came and bouulit it out. They held us spell bound, and stood in tho canyon of tho Columbia, wheio thej oxaetrd t dl without conscience and oilend no improvoiucdt on existing methods ; thov taxed us without even piomising futurti liber htv, whotcas ho his made great nnpiove incut on upper Columbia transportation, has lowoied fuights on product and inadu ami cultute possible east of tho C ados Soon we shall have, through him, r.clroad connec tion with t'ui Kvst by both till Northern Pa o-tie and the Salt I-ake routes, as well as with Pugct Sound and with San Fincico, and we also In hew with Astoria. I'ovvo want them' Ian man iu this country . not, let Inn jty o in our columns. Wo are open to dis. eiisMon. If anyone wishis to condemn Vil lard methods, do it hue. Wo don t care a snap of a linger for Vlll rd except as ho is of use to us, and if hejns the genius to build the railroads wo need ho is of ue to us. You sav : Hu is e' monopolist who works onl) to make nioiin) 1 Granted, and then wo ask what nulioid man is otliiivvise? Did anj man over build A railroad from purely buitvil nt motives Dovou think any man ovei will! Fanncts of Oregon! whoever builds vour rail mads will ceita nlv do sofiom purelv eullish motives ; if he didu t believe he w. uld gam b it hu wouldn't build them. It is not often that n'lOan capable ot command ing unlimited confidence of caj ital am s, and as such a onu has c-omu to our lellef, tho best wo cm do for oursolvcn is to uso him and then piotee". otireelvcs from abuse by him. Yillinl mav own our rail loads, but wo, the people, still contiol the franchises under V'hieh hu builds them. It will bo our i wn fault if wo let linn direct tho legislation of our State ac-iiust our interest'. People of the illamettu Valley have for jears hail tho ln.-in.IHoI railroads mat nave enriched producer while tho capital that built thtm has never been rewnrdul. 'I In re mav be- some uufxir discrimination to com plain of, but certainly, lis a whole, tin so ii.ads bavi been of great valuu to tho pe. pie. Do l hey wish to tear up these roads and go back to fust principles? Of ci urso not, and jot some t ilk and attas if lailroaiU vv ere n cursi'. It makes no dit'ercuco to us on what I'ehemo rai roads aie built if fares and freights nro reasonable, and if wo can control fare and freights b constitutional legislation are o not, uia-i' ers ot t'.,e situation? Oakvlllo Anti-Monopoly League Albany HiralJ. Col. Klliott spoke at Oakville, l it thw coun ty, on tho 2.'id lust., and after bis address a leafcue was formed, to be known as "Qakiilln Anti-Monopoly League," with Joseph Hamil ton as president and Jas 11. McCoy as secro tarv. The follow in? resolutions were adopted by tho league, which then adjourned to meet again on Saturday, lamisry -Sth, at 1 o'clock I'. M : JlfAolml, That this league condemn the methods adopted by Henry Villaid, whereby lio has attempted to sell stock and bonds to the people of New York, Iindou, Frankfort and other lacis, inamountagKregatingSl'I-V 0O0.WJO, when too property cfn which these bonds and stocks are baaed have- not cost, nor aro thev worth, 10 pi r cent f that sum. That the attempt of said Villard to advertise him self as a great railro-id man and financi'ris ridiculous in the extreme, and while he Ins Miecf dud in subsidizing some of the new spa pcrs of this State, we are pleased to sen that the exhiiiition oi veiiauty oi mo press in the Stato ot Oregon is only about. in one in thirty, and we take courage at the fact that the pco plo arc waking up to the importinco of mak ing an example of the kind of adventurer and grand swindler represented by this man, II. Villard, by having the luminal laws ol tins Sutc f nforce-d against him. I'fAolftl, That we favor tho building of railroads when conducted honestly, aod we pledge ourselves to defend all invotmi ntn iu tuch'impiovemeiitH, to i fair return on tho money actuallv cxpuidid in tho building of railroads; but no mllatingof the costs of tools nor the watern g of stocks, shall bo p rmitled within our State; and the party f violating the rule of honed dealings chall be subjected to tho severest pena'tj of our criminal hw ; and all aiders and abettors may take notice that the people of Oreyon will not heitato in treating their frmdiileiitly issued stocks and bonds as void. Ilfunhnl, I hat we wero pleafed to learn from Col. T. K Hogg, in his epoech at Cor- vallis, that the Oregon Pacific railroad would bo built on cornet business principles, and that all that company would expect would bo a fair return on tho actual cost ot their road; and wo take pleaMirn in cominc tiding tho plan adopted by the 0. P. H It. (it being free fiom inflation of its cost and tho watering of its stock) as one that will give satisfaction to the prelim er of Oregon. Jtrnohfil, That wo regard tho Hz-nding of 1). P. Thompson, Mayor of Portland (by that city,) to Washington as a lobbjist, us degrad ing in tho xtreine; for any one can only un derstand tho most powerill inlluenco of the naiil Mayor Thompson wi'l bo used iu corrupt ing members of Congress. And while wo have the fullest confidence in our Semtors and momb-rH of Concrcss iu protecting the inter ests of our State, wo beg to call tho attention of tho Hon. M. C. Georgo to tho great impor tance of obtaining an appropriation of not less than 200,000 for opening up of Yaquina bay, as the natural outlet of the Central Willam ettn valley. Jttnolml, That as the amount of money that will bo received by the general govern, luent as duti(H on the steel rails that will bo used in tho construction of tho 0. P. P. It , (which will all bo landed at Yaquina harbor) will bo three or four times the amount asktd ns an appiopriation (the 8200,000,) that fact should do iifcd as an argument iu favor of such appropriation, UfHolretl. Tint a copy of these resolutions bo forwarded to our Senators and Koprou-iitn tiv.J in Congress, and tint tho ptcss of thin Statu bo furnished with copies for publieatii n. J, li, ilcCov, JOSKI'II JIAMILTO.V," Secretary, President. CENTRAL PAOIFIO RAILROAD SOHBMES. The peop'r of California liavo been dinar, pointed inr-vitiunly of lalu iu relation to a mat ter of vital importance to tlioin. An Kaslcrn compi'iy was pushing a rallioad through from Santa Vo towards the Pacific, and they looked to it as a possible competitor for tunsconll. tieutal hade, when, suddenly, they hear that the Central Pucillo inngnatoi have bought tlid contiol of it, and so their chains aie nveted tighter than before. Thuso incii have mai'o over a bundled millions of dollars -twice as much ns alt the taxable piop.-ity of Oregon out of tho bounty of thu people, and they are using this imiiicnio wealth to control legisla tion in Coiiguifs to piovent any attempt to testiaiu their eaieuras licensed highwaymen. They own C.difoi nia so that even a common citizen is nfi.tid to criticize them; they permit no merchant to succeed iu business who doesn't comply with their method, and now thty ate striving to defeat all eiitel prises that may in tho future come iu competition with their insatiate greed. They compel the Pana ma Itadtoad mid tho Pacilio Mail Steamers to coinu to their terms! Tiny make no oppo sition to the Panama Canal, because it may not ever bo completed, and if ever it is it will bo many years hence. It is this terrible power that is now lighting the propo.ed ship-railway ot Tehuantepec, and will piobibly succeed lu piuveiituig action of Congress in its favor. Hut tho deadliest ollorts of this absolute monopoly atodiicctcd against the completion of a I ouil fiom Chicago to Portland which shnll make competition possibly on that lino, thev have scoured themselves, bj combination and by put chase, against competition ol any known loute. N't o have advices from NN'osh liigtou that they aie lighting the Noltheili Pacific with all thnr boiile ol lined bamllltl, tin what bottoi than biuitittiaio iiicuvvho sell t'lciuselvcs to a tailroad eoi poiation to assist in Rclic'iuis that aie intended to mike them lii.et.tein , 1 the people 7 N ot then- am plcutv of ineii IxiJtc enough to do this for wagis. It is not woith while for us to aid this at tempt to defeat tho building of thu Northern Pacilio lt-.ilioad li) our own active etloits. 1 hu attacks iu olo on our mill old s stem cm liavo no other ellect. The money of the Cen tral Pnciuc can be ntd to se-euiu mercenaries iu Oregon as well as elsuwbcie, and there are men litre who are none too good lor that use. I hu Old) solution wu can put upon tho eoillso ul some tide- is to heliuve tint the) nlu liuo lui.'s ot the Cililoiiua ltalltoad ring, who go about the Mate doing its ill: ty uoik; helping what they can to ilelent tilu building of i.ul roads loi tnu .Noith Pacilic legion. "Anti mouopol),' as ailvoc'tttd l tho California K.ulioad ring in Ongon, ut tins tiui", is so palpaolo a Ir.iud that It ought not to need argument lu piove It. THEN AND liOW, Some friend at idicld, who made a mistnku ,n in t .lr" .0 hut 'Vnir naino to his request, sends iu a leal of nomc-thing that ws publish ed about Oregonlcs lar back as ls7.", where it sajs: "A caigfi of wheat can bo shipped from Porthiuil, Oregon, to Kuiopu for less money thin from Chicago; ' and b;i)b : "dhow It to the eluppci wno g.t it up, and then ex plain how wo are getting a good prieu foi our wheat, aud how shlppcls lose $'),Wf) on w heat shipped befe-ie December." Wu do not ixoctly understand what our unknown friend wants ol ua, but we will try to coei the ground so that hu will bo answered. A few jears ago we used to notice that quo tations of wheat at Chicago i.ud Portland sometimes weru nearly the same, no that a bushel of wheat hole ami there had thu same, orueail) thu same value. Now, a bushel of wlu.it is woith SI .'tl at Chicago, and not over 111 cents at Portland, which is simply tho dltleieiice ill height lloul the two places to Kurope. Freights fiom Chicago are a great deal cheaper than they weiu three or four yeats ago, and heights from Portland aru a great ileal ihuier. Freights from Chicago, on account, of competition between routes lead ing to ISoston, New Voik, PhiUdelplua and lialtlinore, and also down tho Mississippi in barges to vcw Oilcans, have become vny reasonable; ami because this coast has, within thu l-ibt four cars, uiuie than doubled its pro dilution, slupl-iug to cany away our suiplus loi export has been tlllhcult to get, ami the pi ice of heights has gone up fiom Iom to 70s, bill, and, at ouo tune, over !M)s per ton, Kaiiy in thu Fill Oiegon wheat ready foi Hliipuuiit was woith in Kiudaiid Tils foi fiOO pounds, and now It is quoted at IDs lid for f00 pounds, a ilille-rencu ot about I fi cents per bushel; ho, when a vessel canying 1,000 tons, or :i:(,:i:iH bushels of wheat gets tt Kuglaud, it is worth iiciil) live thousand dollars less than when It left Poitlaud. It looks mngiilai that thn prieu of wheat has had no change hero, but that is explained by the fact that exactly as wheat has decreased in value in Kuglaud, freights have also declined, ami the remilt has been that our market has stood at the same lignio for tho wholo season, with only trilling viriations. If our friend's "many furmcrs" want any morn iiiloimatiou, pleasu let us know. Wo have no better usn for tuna and space tlia-i to explain such iuatt;i, anil wu iuo willing to do so fully and ficqiieutly. Mewtrs. Hiram, Sibley & Co. aro specially desirous of obtaining alt infoimution calcu lated to fit tlicm for tho most intelligent er. vice of their many customer iu the South, To thin end they are offering fi00 cash in prizes for the best essays on gardening iu the Southern States, These issays must come fiom those practically acquainted with all the conditions alleetiug tho subject; ami the tie. cision regarding their itspectivo incuts will be made by well-known and admittedly com. petuht judges. Full paiticnlais can bo ob taiucd by addressing Hiiain, Sibley A. Co,, Seedsmen, at either Kochc-ster, N. Y., or Chicago, III. Mr. J. K. Smith, merchant at AiiiuhviIIo Iiiih kindly consented to net an agent for tho Fa hm limit that placu, and is prepared to re ceipt for all business iu our naino, ,, Im ABHESSMEHT AND TAXATION. t An Important nuhjont for discussion among tho people Is to he found lu thu matter of public taxation, which Includes tho heat method for piocuriug nMessment of piopcrty of its full valuation. Tim law of 18M) amrudeil the existing statute with the Intention of making it morn olfbotlvo. The statute lias al wajM npp.nently piovided for valuation of all propel ly of lis full pi lee, but tho Inw- has been avolilttl, and it is matter of common notoriety that the anstsnuiellt lolls of thn dlllelent counties do not loot up much over oiiu.thlrd of tho full valuu of the piopcrty or the State. If thin result was attained by an) lalrand no ctiuito system tho ellect would bo the name. Taxation would seem cnoi mom, of coin so, a it ducH now when the tax levy is on Mich a low iiitio of values, hut the tumble Is that under the law a gteat ileal ol piopeity tint la not euaily identified mill fly eseapt h taxation, notably money and its lepuseutatlves iu the shape of ei edits, debts and loans, NV showed some liinu ago that it wax piolmhlo thut tun millions of money uvadetl taxation in this city, which is due to the fact that w lulu other piopeity is assessed with a view to vt hat it may btiug at forced sale, money is thu aotual iiipn sontativu ot value, mid itn suuh must be listed at its full face. '1 he man who has ten thousand dollars is Imblo to p-iv a tax of at least V-'oO oil it, if he allows it lu be hshssciI, wheitas it he puichni.es mil tstate, either ill town or couiitiy, making however good n lir gam, ami on a pmclmi.0 ol S'.'i),(XK makes a 10,000 pajuieul, in nine cum out of ten the ollitot of iiiilchtidiicMi will corn the umotscil value ami leavu him clear of taxjtiou on the ten thoiiHiiid dollars he his paid down. I'litlu i the law iiiusl bo auiiiided iu silell a positive manlier that Its nitilitlou cannot k). slid) ho evaded, ami must bu lull) eiilorce-d, or else suiuu spei lul jiruvis on ah add he made as to taxation in inoiii) and its leprtueuta live.i. I Ills I still to te lolllbltld by the elausc oi the eoustltittioii 1 the Mate ol Ore gon that tequiic'A that all nsscnsiuviit nhull bo iiiiat, lluwevet, theiu mini bo some way to ellect tun denied r.ttilt, ami that wa should lio dmcoMIid and aitop'.ml. As it is now, leatmiale iavthe giiatest plup Itiun ol taxeet, ami the leillit Is lliiough llm couiili) aie too tax n)t-M. line matter ol iiupui tiinto is to compel thu ueoi to re qmu nu iillulavit hum tsieh tax V" l piop i tv lioldei. I.Mi) man should lilt out a hUiii. iiuil stibseilbo an uattl to Its eeiriit tloin, and Uio law should lornle its win. I penaltioa lor ihe eilizcii win, nnil.ea a lalsu return. In lact, we Nlioilld luivti an none ml oath to evil) letiirn ami aeo piupeil) at lt actual hill . aluu. t.i'iopi.iuit is made that attcniiieiit iu dif lei out eutintliu IB nneij lul, vtliic-li call onl) be avuiiied b) liav im,' an ii.nessine-.it law that shall be .ut explicit ns wonUt can make it, and thun Have a )tuii ul oqualuing aantineiit b) a coinpc ei.l buaiil tn.tt sliail leview the won. ul count) nuixuisittnl pioKirtiuu taxes in a Liu mauiie-r. Auc-ii a Ihjiu.. wa once at luinpted to oe pioviiled lor l) law, but the net piuved not lu bu eiiiisluulional aim was null unit vuldallei a decision ol t le cuiitU. It la luuud that latin cuiiutv llim ) car Ion Ueli asesctl lui a million iloilnn moie lliaii Mari on, and nun) uimiiiiiu that .vtanoii ami l.iuu do nut actuall) vatv much iu value ol prop, tity, thu assumption u tnnt tliu pruH.rty owiieis of l.iuu pa) tvveiilv per ciut. morn Stale tax than d'j tliosu ol .Maro.li, lb. I being about tlie piox;iliuii ul jurineul ul the ivvu counties. Iheiu is no n lit I htnn this impusl tion it it is one. tt urmes uieieJy Iroin diiler euce in valuation udupte-il b) too two audi tors, 1 no)' weru e ue li nuut i iiutlgh, no iLmilit, ami, working iruiu a ihlliiiut basit of valiiex, thu citizen oi I. inn niiiuty think tiny aim iiii'lid) taxed whlili Is an imposition, using tne wont in its highesit nt'imu. A Hoard ul Lqualizaliuli could e-iuill) adopt u kc'.tle ol values lui tliu liltli lent couutiiM, uinl, lullovv ing llus out, could suoii adjust all mith III itunlilliM and ileculu il injustice had been done. Ihu highest stntemmiusbip of the vtoild ban never flamed a ierlict law to levy taxes til pruptitv equally uiid juttl),but tntio u great impioveiuuiit illictod In most cf the Mates our ihu eruile way projierty is aetoietl in Ou-goil. Wo need the bent eilorln ul the tnnt nun. Is ofllr. goii to provide a law that thatl bu 0. ore just and a great ileal moio ellicient 'hau our piosent ).stuiii -or rather waul of s)Hte-m of taxation, barbed Who Tor rcncini; Wo timl that much utieiust i takiu in the use of bailn-d wiru for feiieiiig ns nuiy in. qmrii-H uie on o about the wno tint in adver tised in tho Faiimiii. 1 1 netius tu ho a dlllc-r. ent thing html the monopoly ni tiele tliat Inn so impost tl on tho people, ami foi which those who use it have to pay no dually. Those who sin it kpeak well of It, and we team that a simple ol it in III this city. Ah the mattel of fencing is very important to out patiuin, we eill attention to the ad vet tint mi nt, and all l.iteie.tcil can leave pitticulain by writli'g thu ugi'iilH iu .San I'ranciscu. Marlon county Pomona Oranco. Mat ion County Pomona (Jroiige will meet with Hound Piairio Orange at lliookn Sta tion, in this county, at 10 o'clock tint fourth Satuidi), the 2.ith day of this month. All member of the Order ate laniently invitid to incut with us. A good time is ejepected. Hy order of the Kxicutivo Committee, J. VimmiHM, Montr. Information Wanted NVu dcnii e to ancertain thu pottolllce ad di ens of tlie following named piuticn, and any ono who can enlighten us will do a favoi. Tho names are ; CI. Da vim, I'. II IlLDTMt, " Tho Southorn Cultivator. NVu have received the January number of the Suiitiern Cultivator uml Dixie 'mmti', tho oldest, as it is tho best, agricultural journal in the South! in States. It is now published by .lainen P. Iliuiieoii & Co,, of Atlinti. Dr, NV. I,. Jones, for years the editor of this pop. ular journal, retains his position; Dr. ,1, S Uwton is the asso iato. Under this maiiago. inent, tho Southern Unltinitor will not only maintain its foiiner high Hlandaid, but, with the i imsiHt-inco of ample capital and ineicaied facilities, and contributions of the most oml. uent mid popuhr writem on Agriculttito in this country, will attain u higher standard than ever, ,. Jt.